Common types of vaginitis include bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections and trichomoniasis. Symptoms include vaginal discharge, odor, itching and pain.

An infection or change in the normal balance of vaginal yeast and bacteria can cause inflammation of the vagina (vaginitis).

Signs might include abnormal vaginal discharge or genital sores. Various sexually transmitted infections can affect the vagina, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital warts, syphilis and genital herpes. Vaginal dryness, often occurring after menopause, also can cause pain during intercourse. The muscles in the pelvic floor can become tense, causing chronic pain and pain during intercourse. Pain during penetration might be caused by involuntary spasms of the muscles of the vaginal wall (vaginismus). These might include persistent or recurrent pain just before, during or after sex (dyspareunia). Loss of estrogen can cause the vaginal lining to thin (vaginal atrophy), making sex painful.Ĭonditions that might affect the vagina include: For example, estrogen production declines after menopause and during breastfeeding. Changes in hormone levels can affect the vagina. Trauma - such as sexual abuse or a painful sexual experience - also can lead to pain associated with sex. Anxiety and depression can contribute to a low level of arousal and resulting discomfort or pain during sex. A vaginal delivery also can decrease muscle tone in the vagina. In some cases, an incision made in the tissue of the vaginal opening during childbirth (episiotomy) is needed. Vaginal tears are relatively common during childbirth. During pregnancy, vaginal discharge often increases. The use of sprays, deodorants or douches can cause or worsen irritation. Barrier contraceptives, such as condoms, diaphragms and associated spermicide, can irritate the vagina. Birth control and feminine-hygiene products.Use of some antibiotics increases the risk of a vaginal yeast infection. Scarring from pelvic surgery and certain cancer treatments also can cause painful sex. Some conditions, such as endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease, might cause painful sex. Certain health conditions and treatments.

Forceful sex or an injury to the pelvic area can result in vaginal trauma. Unprotected sex can result in sexually transmitted infections. Various factors can affect the health of the vagina, including: The vagina is a closed muscular canal that extends from the outside of the female genital area (vulva) to the neck of the uterus (cervix). The vagina is where the lining of the uterus is shed during menstruation, where penetration can occur during sex and where a baby descends during childbirth. The vagina is a muscular canal that extends from the vulva to the neck of the uterus (cervix).

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